SOUTH SUDAN AND ITS HISTORY

Ø Why south Sudan was divided?

Sudan is an African republic in the Nile Valley of North Africa, bordered by Egypt to the north. Sudan was home to numerous ancient civilizations, such as the Kingdom of Kush and others, most of which flourished along the Nile River. During the presynaptic period Nubia and Nagadan Upper Egypt were identical, simultaneously evolved systems of paranoiac kingship. By virtue of its proximity to Egypt, the Sudan participated in the wider history of the Near East inasmuch as it was Christianized by the 6th century and Islamized in the 7th. As a result of Christianization, the Old Nubian language stands as the oldest recorded Nilo-Saharan language Sudan was the largest country in Africa and the Arab world until 2011, when South Sudan separated into an independent country, following an independence referendum. Sudan is now the third largest country in Africa (after Algeria and the Democratic Republic of the Congo) and also the third largest country in the Arab world (after Algeria and Saudi Arabia).

Ø How it emerged?

Sudan emerged during the Anglo-Egyptian Condominium (1898-1955). During this time, Britain and Egypt occupied Sudan, with separate administrative arrangements for the north and south. Sudan became independent at the beginning of 1956 and faced long civil wars in the decades that followed. Between 1955 and 2005, northern and South Sudan experienced conflict and war for all but a few years.

Ø Religion of South Sudan?

With regards to religious beliefs and practices, South Sudanese are mostly pluralistic, with majority of them, about 85%, adhering to indigenous belief systems, which involve totems, lower gods and high God, and belief in the power of ancestors to look over the living. Others believe in both the indigenous systems and Christianity. There is also a very small percentage of Muslims. Christianity and Islam ascended, the concept of proselytization and efforts to convert people became a question of placing the faiths in hierarchy, with local religions thought by foreign missionaries as inferior and the people needing their souls to be saved.

Ø Politics of religion?

South Sudan is a country that originated from the throes of conflict with religious overtones. In mid-December, when it became clear that a meeting in Juba of one of the ruling party's decision-making bodies  was exposing tension and contained the risk of violence, national-level religious leaders of several denominations drew on the impending Christmas season to call for peace through the holiday. The hope was that the holy season in a now-predominantly Christian country could provide a pause to address the growing political rifts. 

Ø Political parties of Sudan?

Political parties of Sudan are:

1.     Sudan People's Liberation Movement. Religion,

2.     Roman Catholicism.

3.     Sudanese civil wars.

4.      South Sudanese politics.

5.     Presidency.

Ø Regional and international players of Sudan?

Regional Players are as follow:

1.     Kenya

2.     Uganda

3.     Ethiopia

              International players are as follow:

1. China

2. United states