Issues In Pakistan
UNEMPLOYMENT
IN PAKISTAN; ONE OF THE MAJOR ISSUES PREVAILING IN PAKISTAN
Pakistan
has many ongoing issues for e.g. Education. Health Issues, Corruption, Life
Security, Justice, Human Rights, Unemployment. Unemployment according to my
stance is acting as a catalyst which is speeding the other issues in Pakistan.
Many people who can’t afford proper medical treatments, proper education or any
other issue related to money is due to low unemployment rate due to which
people can’t afford a decent living. If employment was not an issue in Pakistan
so the rest of the issues would not have occurred. People would have been able
to cater their needs and to send their children to schools, colleges but due to
unemployment many people are facing the issues. People manage their basic
living very hardly they are even unable to get three times meal a day so how
would they fulfill their other needs.
Some
factors which are causing unemployment are as following:
Ø Use of Advanced Technology
Ø Reduction in Foreign Employment
Ø Poor Quality of Education
Ø Rush towards government jobs
Ø Less Foreign Investments in
Pakistan
Ø Rural-Urban Migration
Ø Political Instability
Ø Afghan Refugees
Ø Seasonal Variation
Ø Less demand in Private sector
ü USE
OF ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY:
A poor country uses backward
techniques of production and labor intensive technologies. But when it uses the
advanced technology there spread more unemployment in the country. So
Modernization causes unemployment in a country but to reduce the ratio of
unemployment experts should always find a next possible way where the
unemployment should not be generated.
Every coin has two sides and where
modernization reduces the cost and time at the same time it also generate
unemployment. Due to which the poor’s get affected and they are then unable to
cater their needs and thus the country is stroked with a new issue and due to
which it generate many other issues.
ü REDUCTION
IN FOREIGN EMPLOYMENT:
Due to illiteracy, ill training and
lack of skill & efficiency demand for our labor in foreign market is
decreasing. It also creates problem of unemployment. Many people in Pakistan
have fewer skills in a particular field and due to which it again is creating
issue of unemployment because the foreign companies never welcomes such type of
people who has less knowledge of the work.
ü POOR
QUALITY OF EDUCATION:
Today
the quality education has decreased and so the new graduates have only paper
degree but it is of no use because people don’t have expertise in the field and
the fewer people who have the expertise and have full command over his field
gets the job easily. People have made the issue that government needs to
provide employment on merit basis but the reality is that the new graduates
have no expertise nor they have any skills due to which they never get a good
job and then curse the government.
ü RURAL-URBAN
MIGRATION:
There is rural-urban migration due
to farm mechanization. There is already unemployment in cities these workers
create more unemployment in cities. Due to greater inflow of migrants in cities
it is difficult to provide jobs to all of them and due to which again the issue
gets sustained and despite of decreasing it again increase.
People should think of the
consequences before coming to cities because the scenario is totally different
as they think before coming.
ü POLITICAL
INSTABILITY:
There is political instability in
Pakistan, which creates less attraction for foreign investment. Due to
political instability investor hesitates to invest. It creates less opportunity
of employment and results in unemployment. Due to political unrest and changing
policies foreign investment in Pakistan is decreasing and due to which it is
causing unemployment on a greater scale.
ü AFGHAN
REFUGEES:
Afghan
refugees are an additional cause of unemployment. They create a bad effect on
our labor market. They are ready to work more at fewer wages. It caused unemployment
and also reduced the wages due to which people work but get less paid and which
again is an alarming situation in the entire scenario.
To
reduce such type of problems it is mandatory to keep a proper check on all this
and people should be warned to not give fewer wages. In 2017 the least salary
in Pakistan is 14000 PKR/- per month
.
ü SEASONAL
VARIATION:
There
is seasonal unemployment in Pakistan. Seasonal unemployment exists especially
in industrial sectors. For example, sugar industries and ice factories create
seasonal unemployment. The people who migrates from Rural Areas to Urban they
usually works in factories to fulfill their needs because labor demand is high
over there but that is for very less time because the factories have their
seasons and when season ends they create unemployment.
ü RUSH
TOWARDS GOVERNMENT JOBS:
The youth is immensely inclined
towards the government jobs and the main reason behind it is the lack of
accountability. While, in the private institutions the head demands accountability
and immense workload. Whereas, an inefficient government worker not only gets
to keep his job but gets paid for it even after the retirement in form of
pension.
ü LESS
DEMAND IN PRIVATE SECTOR:
The
private sector seems to be utterly disappointed by the credentials of our
youth. The main reason behind it is the absence of standard educational
institutes in the country with the exception of a few. Consequently, their
graduates are denied jobs by good institutions thereby, rendering thousands of
them unemployed every year. The story does not end here. Another reason is the
lack of investment in private businesses. Neither foreign nor local investors
are willing to invest owing to the lack of future business prospects. Hence, it
is important to understand the reasons behind this bleak situation.
So
the scenario is getting worse day by day as people are victims of unemployment and
they are unable to spend a decent living due to which problems despite of
decreasing are increasing as the poor always suffer because due to less income
they have less chances to save and so have less chances to work on their own to
setup their own business. Due to which local investment ratio is also very low.
Millions of people in Pakistan are poverty stricken and these people are
overburdened with expenditures and their savings are very low. It is said that
for the reasonable growth of economy, saving rate should be at least 25% in any
country, but in Pakistan it is only 13 to 14% which is very small. Low
investment level is due to fewer savings, ultimately there is unemployment.
If
we analyze the situation through a social lens, international cinema has left a
huge impact on the minds of our youth. They are unable to accept ordinary jobs
and prefer to sit at home rather than doing a commonplace job thereby burdening
their already struggling families. This problem is rather common among the
lower middle and lower working class as the upper classes tend to either
assimilate their kids in their family businesses or secure good jobs through
their contacts or wealth. On the other hand, poverty and inflation are
increasing day by day, making it even tougher for the poor household to
survive. Hence, the unemployed graduates are eventually forced to settle for
ordinary jobs as they have a family to feed.
The
other reason behind low investments in Pakistan is Political instability, bad
law and order situation, army’s interference, bomb blasts, terrorism,
inconsistent economic policies etc are the factors which are disturbing
domestic and foreign investment. Pakistan investors are taking away their money
to Dubai and other countries of the world.
Fiscal
and monetary policies are also responsible for unemployment. In view of fiscal
policy, Pakistan has fewer funds to invest in job providing projects and every
annual budget shows deficit. Through the monetary policy if the government
increases the rate of interest, it in turn discourages the investors from
getting loans. Since 1947, Pakistani rulers got loans from IMF, World Bank and
many other sources. Such loans were not utilized honestly. Current external
debt of Pakistan is more than 50 billion dollars. Government has to allocate a
huge amount for the repayment of loans with interest.
v CONCLUSION
If the foreign investments and so
the local people invest in Pakistan and the industrial growth starts on a good
pace so only then it is able to reduce the unemployment and people would be
able to cater their own needs. Moreover, people should be educated that
migrating from Rural to Urban wouldn’t solve the issue but it would increase
and people should pre-plan everything before taking any action.
People should be educated with
quality education so they don’t have to strive to get good job and also should
stick to only government jobs because the world is so big that if you have the
skills you will get a good job.
Government should provide loans to
the unemployed skilled labor to promote self-employment. Provision of credit
facilities should be provided to reduce unemployment. Government should eliminate
the nepotism and favoritism. Employment opportunities should be provided in
accordance to skill and ability.
v REFERNCES
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